The internet runs on two versions of the Internet Protocol: IPv4 and IPv6. Understanding their differences is essential for anyone working with network infrastructure.
IPv4
- 32-bit address (4.3 billion)
- Dotted decimal format
- Exhausted since 2011
IPv6
- 128-bit address (340 undecillion)
- Hexadecimal format
- Growing adoption
Understanding the Difference
IPv4 and IPv6 are two generations of Internet Protocol. IPv4, developed in 1981, uses 32-bit addresses and has served the internet for over 40 years. IPv6, introduced in 1998, uses 128-bit addresses to solve the address exhaustion problem.
While IPv6 offers significant advantages, the transition is gradual. Most networks run both protocols simultaneously (dual-stack), and IPv4 remains essential for business operations.
Feature Comparison
| Feature | IPv4 | IPv6 |
|---|---|---|
| Address Length | 32 bits | 128 bits |
| Total Addresses | 4.3 billion | 340 undecillion |
| Address Format | Decimal (192.168.1.1) | Hexadecimal (2001:db8::1) |
| Header Size | 20-60 bytes | 40 bytes (fixed) |
| Security | Optional IPsec | Built-in IPsec |
| NAT Required | Commonly used | Not needed |
Advantages of Each
Each protocol has its strengths depending on your use case and infrastructure requirements.
IPv4 Advantages
- Universal compatibility - works everywhere
- Mature tooling and expertise
- No transition complexity
IPv6 Advantages
- Virtually unlimited addresses
- Built-in security features
- Simplified network configuration
Current Adoption Status
IPv6 adoption varies significantly by region and industry. Major content providers like Google report ~40% of traffic over IPv6, while enterprise networks often lag behind.
Despite growing IPv6 adoption, IPv4 remains critical. Many legacy systems, enterprise applications, and network devices still require IPv4 connectivity.
Which Should You Use?
For most businesses, the answer is both. A dual-stack approach ensures compatibility while preparing for the future.
Bottom Line
IPv4 addresses remain essential for business operations today. While IPv6 is the future, the transition will take years. Leasing IPv4 addresses provides the connectivity you need now.